Green energy, technical assistence, MHC, wind energy

Renewable energy sources derive from natural processes that are replenished constantly. Electricity generated from solar, wind, ocean, biomass and geothermal resources can be captured using different methods. Non-renewable energy resources include nuclear power as well as energy generated from fossil fuels such as: petroleum, coal and natural gas. These resources are limited and non-renewable. Renewable energy resources include wind, solar, ocean, marine, hydropower, geothermal resources and biomass: biodiesel, bioethanol, biogas.

All these sources are harnessed and used to generate electricity, hot water, etc.
The North-West Region of Romania has a high potential of renewable energy resources, depending on the characteristics of each area.

In 2007, TechnoCAD S.A. prepared the “Study for developing a strategy for high potential and sustainable development of the area of Baicu Valley (town Dragomiresti, Maramures county)”. Considering the potential and the convenient location of the stream, including the possibility of achieving economic and touristic objectives, the Local Council of Dragomiresti was advised to try to attract foreign investors willing to build a micro-hydroelectric power plant in the area.

Between 2008 - 2010, TechnoCAD S.A. provided consulting services for the development of hydropower plants on the following rivers:
- For Ruscova River there was prepared the feasibility study of the project and were obtained the necessary approvals and agreements from the National Administration "Romanian Waters" (RWNA) and S.C. Electrica S.A.;
- For Repede River (Borsa) there was prepared the feasibility study of the project and was achieved the aggrement of RWNA;
- For Cavnic and Limpedea River TechnoCAD S.A. is working on the documentations for obtaining the necessary permits and authorizations.

3. Solar energy

Solar energy is the energy derived from the sun through the form of solar radiation. It can be used to generate electricity, to heat the air or the water. Although solar energy is renewable and easy to produce, the main problem is that the sun does not provide constant energy throughout the day because of the day-night alternation, weather conditions and seasons change.

Solar installations are 2 types: thermal and photovoltaic. Photovoltaic panels generate electricity for free, while thermal installations help to save gas and wood in proportions of 75% per year. A house which is provided with both solar installations (photovoltaic and thermal panels) can be considered energetically independent (since the energy accumulated in the batteries at daytime is sent to the network and used as needed).

Solar panels produce electricity (approximately) 9 hours/day (the calculation is made on minimum, winter days have 9 hours), supplying constant power to on-board consumers and recharging the batteries at the same time.

Solar installations are efficient even when the sky is cloudy. They are also hail resistant (the best panels).

4. Energetic independence

Energetic independence can be achieved:
- at large scale (for communities);
- at small scale (for individual homes, weekend houses or cabins that are not connected to the electricity grid).

Example of energetic calculation for a household with the following appliances:

Electronic devices in alternating current (AC)
	Power	Operating hours	Operating days
	(W)	per day	per week
Refrigerator	200	10	7
Color TV	150	4	7
Satelit receiver	30	4	7
Radio-CD player	35	6	7
Motivity	50	3	7

Consumers in direct current (DC)
	Power	Operating hours	Operating days
	(W)	per day	per week
Eco light 60 11W -4buc	44	2	7

o meet the consumption needs it could be used:
• 10 photovoltaic panels of 165 W each and a wind turbine of 1000 W;
• 2 charge controllers for photovoltaic panels (the wind turbine also includes a controller);
• 10 deep cycle batteries; • a 500W inverter at 220V AC.

The estimated value of such investments is about 4.500 Euro.

Main steps of Electrical Energy from Renewable Sources investments ( E-RES):
- obtaining authorizations and licenses;
- a plan for the construction;
- obtaining the license for producing electricity;
- obtaining the qualification certificate for the electricity priority production;
- registration at the Electricity Market Operator (S.C. OPCOM S.A.) – for selling E-RES on the DAM (Day Ahead Market);
- registration at TSO (CN TRANSELECTRICA S.A. - Romanian Transmission and System Operator) - for obtaining the green certificates (RECs);
- registration at the Green Certificates Market Operator (S.C. OPCOM S.A.) – for participating on the centralized market of the green certificates.

TechnoCAD S.A. can prepare the necessary documentations to obtain the permits and agreements to establish a hydroelectric plant:
• Authorizations and licenses required from the National Regulatory Authority in the Energy Field (ANRE);
• Topographical study;
• Geotechnical study;
• Electrica S.A. solution study (including the application for emplacement area and technical connection approvals);
• Hydrological study (NARW);
• Documentation for obtaining the operating license from the Dams Safety Committee (NARW);
• Documentation for obtaining the agreement regarding Prevention and combating of disasters (NARW);
• Documentation for obtaining the environment agreement;
• Impact study (if required);
• Feasibility study.

TechnoCAD S.A. can also prepare the documentations for obtaining licenses, permits and approvals issued by central, county or local authorities:
• Urbanism certificate contains the list of special permits and approvals to be obtained before starting the project: Telecommunication Notice, approval of the National Authority for Land Development, approval of the Office for Pedological and Agrochemical Studies (OSPA), license from the Romanian Civil Aeronautical Authority (RCAA), approval of the Ministry of Culture and National Patrimony, approval of the General Inspectorate for Emergency Situations (GIES), etc., according to the Law no. 525/1996.
• Setting aside the land: agreements with the National Agency of Cadastre and Land Registration (NACLR) and the approval of the Commission for Agriculture and Rural Development (CARD).
• Local zoning plan;
• Building authorization (BA);
• Technical assistance to achieve the land use (buy or rental).

At customers’ request, TechnoCAD S.A. can set up the documentation for obtaining the agreements from ANRE:
• establishment authorization;
• obtaining the license for producing electricity;
• obtaining the qualification certificate for the electricity priority production;
• registration at the Electricity Market Operator – for selling E-RES on the DAM;
• registration at the Green Certificates Market Operator – for participating on the centralized market of the green certificates.

Legislation and regulations in force

Government Decision no. 443/2003 concerning the promotion of electricity produced from renewable energy sources, with the latest modifications. This latter Government Decision was amended by Government Decision 958/2005 (transposing Directive 2001/77/EC) and forms a legal framework for the promotion of renewable sources of energy. This will have a direct impact on the reduction of energy consumption.
Government Decision no. 1535/2003 concerning the National Strategy to harness renewable energy sources.
Government Decision no. 1069/2007 on approving the Romanian Energy Strategy for the years 2007-2020.